Scathach! The Deadly Female Warrior of Irish Mythology!

IRELAND NEWSLETTER
April 2024

The Burren in Spring from Free Photos Of Ireland

IN THIS ISSUE

News from Ireland go
Scathach! The Wonderous Female Warrior of Irish Mythology! go
The Dreaded Viking Invaders from the North! go
Irish Lake Monsters by Shaun Ivory go
'Bread & Butter with Blackberry Jam' by Marie O'Byrne go
Gaelic Phrases of the Month go
Monthly Free Competition Result go

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Popular Articles from Recent Newsletters:

'Murphy's Law' by Shaun Ivory go
Cathal Brugha: The Unyielding Patriot go
A Gran Big Gerrul from the County Clare by Tom Kelly go
The Incredible Life of Countess Markievicz go
Tanistry v Primogeniture go

FOREWORD
Hello again from Ireland where Spring has finally broken through what has been the wettest winter in decades. Spare a thought for our poor Irish Farmers who have been unable to plant their precious seed potatoes, predicting shortages of Roosters and Crisps in the months to come. No laughing matter in Ireland!

MOTHER'S DAY is just around the corner! You can help keep this newsletter going by gifting some Flags, Jewellery or Crystal to 'she who keeps the show on the road' at our online shop at IrishNation.com. Thanks!

This month we remember Scathach, the female Warrior from Irish Mythology and also the dreaded Vikings. Thanks also to our two contributors for their tales about Sea Monsters and Jam!

If you have an article or story you would like to share then please do send it to us.

Until next time,

Michael

P.S. Please Do Forward this Newsletter to a friend or relative. If you have a website or Facebook page or Blog (or whatever!) then you can help us out by putting a link on it to our website: www.ireland-information.com

NEWS FROM IRELAND
A STUNNING ACT OF BLATANT SEXISM
In the context of world or Irish events that are currently in the news, the recent vote by the Camogie Association Congress to prevent girls and women from wearing shorts, and force them to wear a bizarre skirt (called a 'skort') probably did not register very highly.
Camogie

However, given that the Ireland of recent years has self-proclaimed as a more liberal and equitable society this decision is an amazing and deliberate slap in the face to the entire female half of the Irish population.

Hurling and Camogie are the male and female versions of one of the greatest and fastest sports in the world. The levels of skill and dedication required to participate are amazing. And of course the authorities that run these sports have the right to lay down rules regarding the kit worn by the players, especially around the issue of advertising, political messaging, etc.

Amazingly, in the year 2024, they also have the right to dictate to girls and women that they MUST wear the bizarre skort, rather than the regular shorts that the majority prefer. Survey after survey has revealed that the vast majority of players prefer to wear shorts, but of course, the delegates who voted down the recent proposed change to the rules were merely following in the deeply ingrained and dishonest form of sexism that is rife the world over.

Progress in fundamental issues of human change are often measured in inches rather than miles. The issue of allowing Camogie players at least a choice of whether to wear shorts or a skort is obviously not as important as ensuring, for example, female equal-opportunity and pay scales.

But on the other hand, it really is just as important. Because the appalling and sneaky sexism that was revealed in the dismissal of the proposed amendment is indicative of a very pernicious type of mindset that deserves to be beaten to a vicious death with a Camogie stick.

SHAME on the Camogie Association of Ireland.

SHAME on those delegates who put their own preference ahead of the people they represented.

APPALLING.

COLLEGE GRADUATES FARE BEST IN IRELAND
Recent data from the Central Statistics Office of Ireland has revealed encouraging insights into the prospects of Third Level students (who graduated from Universities, Colleges, etc.).

For students who graduated in 2021, a staggering 92% were either in employment or further education, or both, within a year. In terms of employment the top sectors that these graduates veered to were: Wholesale & Retail (27%), Accommodation & Food (19%), and Health & Social Work (14%).

IRISH HOUSE PRICES CONTINUE TO SURGE
The unavailability of houses and apartments to rent or buy continues to be one of the most important issues hampering Ireland's progress.

The news then that the Irish Residential Property Price Index has increased by 6.1% in the year to February 2024 probably comes as no shock to those desperately seeking somewhere to lay their head. Alas though, it is still a bitter pill to swallow.

Stories of teachers, nurses, construction workers and various other professions fleeing Ireland for a new life abroad are not new in the Irish experience. Usually it was a bad economy causing unemployment that was the root of the exodus. In the current situation though, of a relatively healthy economy, the reason to emigrate is not just for work, but also because there are just no houses or apartments to rent or buy!

This situation has been growing for over a decade and is a direct result of successive Government policies. Policies that are clearly designed to increase inequality, causing disillusionment among younger generations and an acceleration of the transfer of wealth from the many to the golden few.

It is hard to fathom sometimes, just how poorly humans allow themselves to be organized and exploited.
https://www.cso.ie/en/releasesandpublications/ep/p-rppi/residentialpropertypriceindexfebruary2024/

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MORE GIFT IDEAS FROM IRELAND

SCATHACH! THE DEADLY FEMALE WARRIOR OF IRISH MYTHOLOGY

note: Scathach: pronounced 'skat-ack'
Cuchulainn: 'coo-cullin'
Gae Bolga: 'gay bulga'
Ferdia: 'fair-dee-ah'

Scathach was the shadowy one, the greatest female warrior of her age!

She lived on the Island of Skye, later named for her, and was a renowned warrior of formidable skill. Though most of the stories of her deeds are sadly lost, her memory survives through the legacy she created: a school for warriors.

Energetic, pragmatic and dynamic, action suited Scathach while the debates of poets and bards left her bored! She learned best by doing and expected her students to keep up, never missing an opportunity to throw them in at the deep end!

The great Ulster warrior Cuchulainn was Scathach's most famous student. He sought her out because the father of the woman he wished to marry, Emer, had said they could not wed until Cuchulainn had been trained as a champion by Scathach. In this he was hoping to avoid giving his daughter to the hero, since it was notoriously difficult to find Scathach's island and to survive her training.

Through his bravery and strength Cuchulainn found his way there and used his famous 'salmon leap' to gain access to her stronghold. He threatened her at sword-point in order to persuade her to teach him everything she knew. She granted the young warrior three wishes, to instruct him properly, to grant him her daughter without bride-price (a dowry), and to foretell his future. She told him she foresaw a great and glorious career for him but did not see him living any longer than thirty years.

Scathach did grant her daughter, Uathach, to Cuchulainn but it is said that she also lay with him. She taught him his art carefully while also at the same time teaching the young warrior Ferdia, who became Cuchulainn's brother in arms. Both were educated to an equal level, but Scathach gave Cuchulainn one gift in secret. This was the legendary Gae Bolga, a spear, which separated in to barbs on entering human flesh. Its first strike was always fatal. It was this weapon that caused the death of Ferdia when the two men were forced to fight against each other in the saga of the Tain.

In return for his instruction, Cuchulainn stood against the enemies of Scathach led by the warrior queen, Aoife. He saved the lives of Scathach's two sons and went into battle as her champion against Aoife. He held a sword at Aoife's throat and made her promise to give hostages to Scathach, to keep peace forever more, and to bear him a son. After Aoife agreed, Cuchulainn returned to Scathach to rest after his great deeds. He left her island after seven years fully trained in the arts of war and was famed as the greatest warrior Ireland has ever known as a result of her teaching.

Like her name suggests, Scathach is a largely shadowy figure. We have an impression of a strong and fiercely independent woman who was respected and revered by the warrior society. She is an otherworldy character and her granting of the Gae Bolga to Cuchulainn is strongly reminiscent of the Lady of the Lake granting Excalibur to Arthur.

Through her instruction Cuchulainn became the champion for all Ireland while Scathach herself remained famed for her own skills and magic.

Scathach! The Wonderous Female Warrior of Irish Mythology!

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THE DREADED VIKING INVADERS FROM THE NORTH!

The Vikings originated in Norway and Denmark and began their legendary raids during the eight century. The history of the Vikings in Ireland stretches back to that time and culminates with their defeat by Brian Boru at the Battle of Clontarf in the year 1014.

The earliest recorded raid from Vikings out of Norway was in the year 795 at Rathlin Island off County Antrim.

In the year 798 they raided the kingdom of Brega near the northern part of Dublin. These initial raids involved rapid landings, then plundering the local settlements and Monasteries before retreating back to the sea.

The Scottish isle of Iona was also attacked in the same year. By the year 802 the raids had stretched around the western coast as far as Skellig island and the ancient Monastery there.

By the year 832 an intensification of the attacks occurred with fleets of Viking ships arriving at the Boyne, at Dublin and travelling the Shannon estuary. They took supplies, riches and slaves.

Early Viking leaders who raided Ireland include Saxolb in the year 837, Turges in the year in 845, and Agonn in the year 847. By the end of the ninth century the Vikings began to establish settlements known as 'longports' along the Irish coast. These were essentially coastal forts that protected the Viking boats. The earliest of these were at Linn Dúachaill (Annagassan) in County Louth and Duiblinn on the River Liffey, the forerunner of what would become Dublin, the capital city of Ireland.

The word Viking is taken from the Norse word 'Vikingr' which means 'sea-rover' or 'pirate'. Their longboats gave them an advantage that other sea-faring peoples just could not match. Their fierce attacks must have instilled terror into the local population and especially at the Monasteries where much of the wealth they craved was located. It is no coincidence that the number of high-towers built for protection in Ireland greatly increased during this era.

By this time the Viking Chiefs Olaf and Ivar controlled the raids, some bringing as many as 1500 fighting men in many longboats - a veritable army.

The Irish chieftains now began their defence in earnest since, as the Vikings had begun to make semi-permanent settlements they had become a much easier target. The Irish chieftain Máel Seachnaill is recorded as having routed the Vikings at Skreen in County Meath, putting over 700 of the invaders to death. Alliances between the Vikings and the Irish chieftains became commonplace as the presence of the norseman became a political inevitability to be acknowledged and dealt with.

By the year 849 invaders from Denmark had begun to attack not only the Irish but also the more established Vikings of Norwegian origin. By 853 'Olaf the White' had assumed control of Dublin. He married the daughter of Áed Finnliath, king of the northern Uí Néill. Decades of warfare with some victories and some defeats for the Vikings followed. In the year 902 the Irish defeated the Vikings at Dublin.

A second wave of attacks began in the year 914 with a large fleet of Vikings ravaging Munster. Over time the Irish fought back with some success. The Dublin Vikings were attacked by the King of Tara, the city sacked in the year 944.

The stage was set for a great showdown between the two cultures with Brian Boru of Dál Cais in County Clare being the spear-point of the Irish attack. He had already defeated the Vikings in Munster. His great rival was Máel Sechnaill II, King of Tara. They reached an accord in the year 977 that Brian Boru would rule the southern part of the country with Máel Sechnaill II ruling the northern part.

They even collaborated on a raid against the Dublin Vikings in the year 998. By the year 1000 Brian Boru had put down a revolt by the Dublin Vikings, defeating Sitric and eventually forcing Máel Sechnaill II to acknowledge him as the High King of all of Ireland.

The Leinster Vikings again revolted in the year 1012 but were once again defeated. They knew that their time was limited so they sought help from Sigurd, Earl of the Orkneys, who arrived in the early part of 1014 to face the Irish.

The famous battle of Clontarf ensued with the Irish squaring up to Sigurd, Brodar and Ospak who were Vikings of the Isle of Man. With Brian Boru, Brodar and Sigurd all killed in the fierce battle that followed the Vikings were eventually defeated, the battle entering the pantheon of myth and legend of Viking history.

Estimates of the number of dead range from 6000 to over 12000, a huge number for warfare of that time. The Viking defeat at the battle of Clontarf effectively signalled the end of Viking rule in Dublin and thus throughout the country.

Long before this battle though the inevitable integration of the two cultures had begun. The invaders even assimilated the native Christian religion, forming alliances, marrying and eventually settling among the native Irish.

The legacy of the Vikings in Ireland is extensive. The towns of Dubin, Cork, Wexford, Limerick and Waterford that were initially founded by the Vikings all developed into the major cities of the modern era.

A full-scale invasion of the island was never attempted as the Vikings had matters in England and France to deal with. Thus, despite the attacks, the native Irish chieftains continued to prosper and make treaties, war with each other and the Vikings, sometimes allying with the 'norsemen' against rival chieftains.

Coinage was first used in Ireland during the Viking era further providing evidence of the degree to which the Vikings changed from being raiders to merchants and settlers. Dublin was especially transformed by their presence, with Christ Church Cathedral being built by Sitric. The layout of the city centre today is much as it was originally designed by the Vikings.

Further proof of their integration survives the centuries through the use of surnames. Families of McAuliffe (son of Olaf), McManus (son of Manus), Doyle (the dark stranger or foreigner), McLoughlin (son of Lochlainn) and McIvor (son of Ivor) are just a few of the many 'Irish' names that have deep roots within the Viking heritage.

The death of Brian Boru marked a period of further fighting among the native Irish culminating with the Anglo-Norman invasion in the year 1169 and the beginning of a new period of warfare. It is a tragic fact of Irish history that the various chieftains and tribes remained so divided, unwilling to create a central leader or kingship capable of unifying opposition on the island to the centuries of foreign invasion and hostility that were to follow.

IRISH LAKE MONSTERS
by Shaun Ivory

Although early cartographers' fears and ignorance have been largely dispelled by Man's adventurous spirit, some of the areas they covered are still pretty much a mystery.

Given that most of the planet is under water it's hardly surprising where the bulk of such enigmas lie. Monsters of the deep are rooted in our race memory, inspiring some of our finest prose and flights of fancy. From Jonah's sojourn in the belly of a great fish, Ulysses' Sirens, Cap'n Ahab's suicidal obsession, to Jules Verne's '20,000 Leagues Under the Sea', they all testify to an inescapable suspicion that something lurks down there.

We now accept the salty sightings of mermaids, sea serpents and the Kraken for what they really are – walrus, seal, conger eel and the like. But a growing body of evidence suggests we should turn around and instead peer inland, then deep down into those lakes and still waters that are part of our island's mystery and magic.

References to Irish lake monsters first appear in the 7th century Life of St Chua of Balla, County Mayo. Some 300 years later the famous Book of Lismore tells of St Seonas's confrontation with a 'repulsive, outlandish, fierce and very terrifying monster' at Scattery Island, County Clare. St. Coemgen is reputed to have subdued a serpent in the Upper Lake at Glendalough, Co. Wicklow.

But for more recent accounts we have to wait until the 19th century, when a young woman wading in to Lough Muck to pick a bog-bean was startled by a great splash. She looked up to see a strange creature coming across the water towards her. She turned and fled, wise girl. There were similar sightings over the next few years.

Now Lough Muck is something of a tiddler in the lake stakes, posing the obvious question: how could such a small body of water sustain what are usually deemed as sizeable aquatic mammals? Some lakeside farmers have attributed their mysterious sheep losses to the monsters' ability to forage equally well on land too.

For the sceptic there is ample documentary proof, particularly in the period just prior to the First World War. An enormous 'eel' became trapped in the 50 centimetres-wide culvert between Loughs Crolan and Derrylea in Co. Galway. The creature was said to be so repulsive and noxious that very few ventured close enough to make a detailed examination and it was eventually allowed to just rot away.

Shortly thereafter another 'stranding' occurred, this time at Ballynahinch. Approximately 8-9 metres long and 'thick as a horse', it became trapped under the bridge that spans the town's river, near the castle. Patrick Connell, a blacksmith from Cashel, forged a barbed spear with which to kill the animal but a thunderstorm flushed it free before he arrived. It was seen again, the last time in 1961.

Hardly a county has been spared, its generally hybrid appearance lending it the name Horse-eel by terrified witnesses. Thomas Crofton Croker, a 19th century folklorist from Cork, described it as 'a great conger eel, 7 yards long and as thick as a bull in the body, with a mane on it like a horse'.

Lady Augustus Gregory, co-founder of the Abbey Theatre, refers to it in similar fashion in her book, Visions and Beliefs of Western Ireland. There are several classic sightings which still stand the test of time. The first, on a fine June evening in 1954 on Lough Fadda in County Galway, was described by Georgina Carberry, a librarian from Clifden and an experience angler. She and some friends had just returned to the shore after a satisfactory catch when they saw a dark object undulating towards them. It came within twenty metres, dived and re-surfaced. It was 'a horrible, long-backed creature with a forked or V-shaped tail'. Georgina had a distinct feeling of something wormy: 'You know – creepy. The body seemed to have movement all over it all the time.'

She had nightmares for weeks and didn't go back there for some seven years.

But perhaps the strangest of all occurred at Shanakeever, again in Galway. On what we Irish refer to as a 'soft day' Patrick Canning went down to the lake shore to fetch his donkey. He then saw what appeared at first to be a foal circling it, before realising his mistake. 'It was just like she'd had a foal, d'ye know... going round.' This creature was long and black but somehow horse-like, with legs and what could be ears. But at a distance of almost 200 metres it was difficult to be certain. Sensing his presence, it seemed to slide into the lake. It – or its mate – is still being seen around there.

Lough Mask, named by Viking explorers after their Swedish word for 'worm' or 'caterpillar', also has a history of monstrous marauders. But the most detailed account so far is by three Dublin priests – Fathers Matthew Burke, Daniel Murray and Richard Quigley. Fishing on Lough Ree on the clear evening of May 18th 1960, they observed, about 80 metres away, a strange object moving through the water, two sections of it protruding. What appeared to be 50-60 centimetres of neck ending in a serpentine head, followed by a hump, about as high as the neck, the whole extending some two metres. It moved serenely past the transfixed trio, slowly submerging without fuss or bother. Their subsequent report to the Inland Fisheries Trust brought forth a flood of reports of similar sightings, some less serene, with fishing lines dragged under and boats cut free to avoid capsizing.

Of course, most countries with an abundance of lakes have aquatic legends to go along with them. Take Scotland... or one of the Scandinavian countries – Norway? Nessie leads, of course, and in Norway there is what they claim is the 'eeriest'of waterways, the Fjord of the Trolls, Lake Storjsson. It has a monster whose malevolent intentions reach far beyond the water's shore, so much so that exorcisms have been performed in an effort to at least neutralise its effects on those who hunt or have attempted to catch whatever lurks in its deep, dark waters. After a conference on psychical disorders in Sweden in 1972 the Reverend Dr. Donald Omand, a noted exorcist, along with F.W. Holliday, a renowned monster hunter (!), and Reverend Dom Robert Petipierre of the Anglican Order of St Benedict, agreed to perform a similar ceremony on Loch Ness. It took place on June 2nd 1973 and afterwards Dr. Omand said he felt satisfied with the results, although mentally and physically 'drained'. Unfortunately, the sightings continue.

So just what are these horse-headed, serpentine quadrupeds who inhabit our dark-brown peaty depths? Given such a composite description the nearest creature that fits is the plesiosaur, somehow left behind from the Mesozoic period. Why – how? – are they still here? Why is the shark, for that matter, after 300 million years? But a bigger question still – is there still a place for such prehistoric 'baggage' on our shrinking planet?

As they don't appear to be anti-human why not take the positive view, i.e., adopt them? If we can save the whale why not old plessie? We've already had all the Hollywood interpretations, can it be such a great leap of faith to accept the real thing, hmm?

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'BREAD AND BUTTER WITH BLACKBERRY JAM'
by Marie O'Byrne

The huge array of food choices available to us today in the supermarkets, got me thinking about the food that we had growing up in old Ireland and in particular our humble school lunches.

Banana sandwiches are my most vivid school lunch memory. Our mother would put mashed bananas in between two slices of thickly buttered bread and by lunch time the banana and the butter would be oozing out the side of the paper bag. Child Eating Sandwich

If the cloak room door was left open that distinct aroma of ripe bananas would spill out into our classroom. I have never forgotten that smell of soft, rotten bananas and since I was only one of many students who had banana sandwiches the smell in the air was quite heavy.

Our mother had to prepare a lot of lunches for our large family and quite frankly I don't know how she did it. The main obstacle after making the sandwich was finding a bag to put it in, since we did not have the luxury of Tupperware at our house. Most days my lunch was put into a sugar bag and many a morning Mum emptied a full bag of sugar out into a bowl just to be able to use the bag, as she had nothing else. She always cautioned us to bring the bags home. Those bags were like gold dust to Mum and they were used over and over, needless to say that by the end of the week the stained, crumpled 'siucra-bag' was almost unrecognizable.

My sister Liz said she remembered having tomato sandwiches in a sugar bag for lunch and sometimes for a special treat Mum would put a Kimberly biscuit sitting on top of the bread. By lunch time it was a very messy affair indeed! The tomatoes were wet and soggy and full of sugar and the Kimberly biscuit was well embedded into the top slice of the bread. She would gobble it up regardless as there was no other choice! Hunger is the best sauce they say.

I asked my cousin Mike Kelly what he remembered eating at school and he said his most vivid memory was of bread and butter and blackberry jam. He never forgot the day when he was in second class and a wasp flew down from the old convent rooftop and stung him on his jam covered lip. Ouch! The pain of that! How those mean wasps waited patiently for us unsuspecting children! I asked him what did the teacher do for his painful, swollen lip and he replied 'I never told her - we didn't run to the teachers back then when we had problems!

My four older brothers also remembered having lots of blackberry-jam sandwiches too. They have fond memories of picking blackberries in the fields every day after school for Mum. Our Dad would boil the jam on the old range at night and that delicious aroma of the sweet jam filling the cottage has stayed with us all to this day. There was always plenty of jam around the kitchen for our lunches in the summer and the autumn. But once Halloween passed there were no more blackberries picked as the witches supposedly put an evil spell on them and they were not fit for eating. That's what we were told anyway.

Chicken and Ham Paste from the little jar and sandwich spread were a rare treat in our house and were reserved for our four older brothers. My husband said he remembered having Bovril sandwiches for school and he loved them.

I have no recollection of having chocolate bars or crisps for lunch when I was at school.

When it came to what we had to drink we had two choices, water from the school fountain or milk. Our mother's problem was always one of logistics; what was she to put the milk in? We had no plastic bottles or containers but thankfully our Dad loved a drop of Jameson's or Paddy Powers and he used to buy the little glass bottles. Our clever mother saved the empty whiskey bottles and used them for our milk - necessity being the mother of invention. We would grab our sugar bag and our little whiskey-bottle full of milk every morning and off we would go.
Small Whiskey Bottle

There were six girls and five boys in the family and we girls remember well our youngest sister Deirdre's first day of school. Mum had cautioned us to meet up with her in the school yard at lunch time to check up on her. Deirdre nervously sat down on the old bench beside us for her lunch. She must have been very thirsty as she quickly undid the lid of the little whiskey bottle and raised it to her mouth. This was her first time ever drinking milk from a whiskey bottle and she tried to gulp the milk down too fast. Her little tongue got stuck down in the narrow neck of the bottle; the milk created a tight seal around it. She couldn't get the bottle off her tongue and began to panic; her face turned puce as the bottle kept hitting off her teeth as the tears of panic flowed.

It was quite scary for her. Our eldest sister Pauline immediately jumped into action. She stood Deirdre up on top of the bench, ordered me and Liz to hold her back against the wall and then she grabbed the bottle and pulled it off Deirdre's tongue with all her might! We held her pinned against the wall by the shoulders until the bottle released itself and with a loud pop all the milk sprayed everywhere. Deirdre cried up a storm from the terror of it all and from losing all her milk into the bargain. What a terrible memory of her first day at school!

My cousin Mike told me that his family used empty glass medicine bottles for their milk and they had to bring them home every day. We recycled well before it became fashionable!

Times sure have changed in the school lunch department but we all look back and have a good laugh together at our old school lunch-memories.

~~~

Marie O'Byrne is the Irish author of 'Irish Rose' and other titles. You can contact her at marieobyrne@gmail.com

GAELIC PHRASES OF THE MONTH

PHRASE:	Maidin mhaith
PRONOUNCED:	modjin mot
MEANING:	Good morning
PHRASE:	Ar chodail tú go maith?
PRONOUNCED:	air cuddle two guh mot
MEANING:	Did you sleep well?
PHRASE:	Tá sé in am éirí
PRONOUNCED:	taw shay in amm eye-ree
MEANING:	It is time to get up

View the Archive of Irish Phrases here:
http://www.ireland-information.com/irishphrases.htm

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I hope that you have enjoyed this issue!

by Michael Green,
Editor,
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